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Garma
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Agriculture |
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Bollgard Cotton Product Description And Benefits Product Description Bollgard cotton contains an insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, subsp. kurstaki (B.t.k.) that protects cotton plants from certain lepidopteran insect pests. Specifically, Bollgard provides excellent, season-long control of tobacco budworm and pink bollworm, and a high level of suppression of the cotton bollworm. When larvae feed on Bollgard cotton plants, this protein protects the plants by reducing larval survival and damage. Under most circumstances with Bollgard cotton, the need for remedial insecticide treatments for these pests is reduced or eliminated. Bollgard cotton has no effect on the environment, humans or other non-target species, including beneficial predators and parasites. The insecticidal protein from B.t.k. begins to break down immediately when the plant dies. It does not accumulate in the soil and will not leach into the groundwater. In fact, Bollgard protection should lead to a decrease in broad-spectrum insecticide use and beneficial insects may increase in the cropping system. Increases in beneficial insects can suppress various cotton pests, further reducing the need for, and application of, insecticides. Target Pests Cotton varieties containing the Bollgard gene are consistently efficacious on tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens) and pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella). Bollgard varieties in general provide effective suppression of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa zea), which should reduce the number of spray applications for this pest throughout most of the Cotton Belt. However, under certain circumstances during the blooming period, producers may need supplemental insecticide applications to fully control cotton bollworm. Bollgard offers some protection against European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni), saltmarsh caterpillar (Estigmene acrea) and cotton leafperforator (Bucculatris thurberiells). Bollgard cotton exhibits some suppression of beet armyworms (Spodoptera exigua), fall armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda), yellow-striped armyworms (Spodoptera ornithogalli) and soybean loopers (Pseudoplusia includens). However, survival of these pests can be very high and may require insecticide treatment. Little or no activity should be expected on cutworms (Agrotis spp.). Bollgard will have no activity on non-lepidopteran species including aphids, boll weevils, plant bugs, thrips or whiteflies, nor will it exhibit any activity on beneficial predators and parasites. Benefits Only Bollgard Offers Subthreshold Protection for a Better Harvest Every
Year Better Protection for Better Yields Reduce or Eliminate Sprays *Monsanto, Delta & Pine Land and University trials, 1995-1998. Individual results may vary. Comparisons based on varieties with comparable genetic backgrounds. Recommended Management Practices Agronomic Management Manage Target Insects Fields should be carefully monitored for all pests, including cotton bollworms, to determine the need for remedial insecticide treatments. For target pests, scouting techniques and supplemental treatment decisions should take into account the fact that larvae must hatch and feed before they can be affected by the Bollgard gene. Fields should be scouted at least twice per week during periods of heavy or sustained egg lay, especially during bloom. Scouting should include a modified whole plant inspection, including terminals, squares, blooms, bloom tags and small bolls. Larvae greater than 1/4 inch (3- to 4-days old) are generally recognized as survivors that will be difficult to control with Bollgard alone. Apply supplemental insecticides if the frequency of advanced stage larvae or plant damage warrants treatment. Changes to these recommendations may be required under certain circumstances; consult the local crop advisor or extension specialist for management recommendations in a specific area. Dated : 01 May 2000
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