j'wh Gkpk dh fdqFNh
vkH pbeko f;zx

@g{op# d[BhnK dk fJe G{r'fbe y/so j?, fi; y/so ftZu t;D tkb/ b'eK bJh gSkD ti'I @g{oph# o{ge gqufbs j?. fJ; o{ge ftZu noEK ~ ;keko eoB tkbhnK @pj[-GkFktK#, ;kfjs, ;fGnkuko, Xow, fJfsjk; doFB, fwfEjk; dk nwho y}kBk ns/ tzB-;[tzBh f}zdrh dk ;wkie, nkoEe, okiBhse nwb j?, fi; s'I g{op dh f}zdrh ns/ gSkD ~ ;wfMnk ik ;edk j? go j?okBhiBe sZE fJj j? fe ftFtgZXo s/ g{op dh n;bhns ns/ gSkD g{op okjhI Bk j' e/ gZSwh fdqFNh okjhI tX/o/ j[zdh ojh j?. fJ; gSkD ftZu g{op ~ gZSw tZb'I xNhnk ns/ Bht/I doi/ dk pDk e/ g/F ehsk iKdk fojk j? i' g{op dh n;bhns Bkb'I gZSw tZb'I ebfgs o{g j?. fJ; gSkD ~ ftFtgZXo s/ p/Bekp eoB tkbk g{oph fuzse n?vtov ;Jhd (Edward W Said) j?, fi;B/ nkgDh g[;se T[ohn?INfb}w (Orientalism 1978) okjhI gZSw tZb'I ehsh rbs fJfsjk;ekoh pko/ fbfynk j? fe gZSwh nkgD/-nkg ~ ftef;s, fJfsjk; d/ wkbe, ;fGne, wod wzBd/ jB id'I fe g{ophnK ~ nftef;s, nfJfsjk;e, n;fGne, n"osK tor/, n"osK ~ noX BrB ns/ wodK ~ moeh dZ;d/ jB. gZSw tZb'I f;oih fJj gSkD, g{op ~ nkgDh p;sh nXhB oZyD dh bkb;k ftZu'I T[gfink co/ph ns/ X'y/ Gfonk fJ}jko j?. fJj fJ}jko fJe p;shtkdh ;'u dk bykfJe j?. gZSwhnK tZb'I pDh nfijh ;'u dk gki g[;se d/ NkfJNb s/ pD/ fuso okjhI th T[Godk j?, i' g{oph wB[Zy ~ ;fGne wB[Zy dh pikfJ Bzr/, iKrbh, ;g/fonK tork f;oidk j?. fJ; xNhnkg[D/ d/ nko'fgs nfj;k; okjhI jh gZSw B/ g{op ~ fJe e?ohno, b[ZN ti'I tofsnk. nkX[fBe :[Zr ftZu wB[Zyh pokpoh ns/ w[esh d/ ukjtkB ekob wkoe; dh g{op pko/ pDh fBFfus ;'u dh ;so Cannot Represent themselves, they must be represented ~ g[;se d/ nkozGe ;fcnK T[`s/ fbye/, ;Jhd gZSwhnK T[go ftnzr eodk j?.

;Jhd tZb'I g{op pko/ S/Vh fJ; uouk ~ nZr/ s'oB tkb/ nB/eK g{oph ftdtkB jB, fijBK ftZu fJe w[y Bkw @j'wh Gkpk# dk j?. fi;B/ g{op dh ftnkfynk ns/ gSkD bJh Bt/ebh gj[zu XkoB ehsh j?. ;Jhd tKr T[j g{op ~ gqtuB, Fesh, frnkB d/ ;ki'-;wkB tKr ;theko eodk j?. go ;Jhd dh e'b'BkJh}o ns/ e'b'BkJh}v dh d' Xo[th tzv ~ ;theko BjhI eodk. Gkpk g{op pko/ fJ; gZSwh nkX[fBesk ~ T[`so-p;shtkdh fdqFNh s'I t/ydk j?, fi; ekoB T[; bJh fJj fJe ifNb toskok j?. Gkpk dh Bt/ebh ifNb ;'u dh fBFkBd/jh @Fkp' uh# Rethinking the problem of post Colonialism ftZu fJ; gqeko eodk j? L Bhabha shifts focus from the colonized/colonizer confrontation to a third space beyond the binary structure, In Relaucnhing Derridean differance on Post Colonial terrain, he provides a narrative scheme for analyzing the hitherto Neglected grey, ambiguous space of culture, Re namaining the Colonial subject and Colonial discourse in terms of the in between, and more importantly, turning the indeterminacy of Colonial discourse into an agency of Counter hegemonic resistance.¹

fJj fNZgDh Gkpk d/ ;ko/ nfXn?B ~ T[ikro eoB tkbh j? fi; s'I T[;d/ nfXn?B y/so ftZu g{op toshnK Bkb'I fGzBsk ns/ gj[zu ;gFN j' iKdh j?.

T[; bJh gZSwh nkX[fBesk dh ;w[Zusk, fJei[Nsk, fBFfussk dk o/yeh$behoh fJfsjk; ifNbsk, ;ztkdsk, nfBFfussk ns/ ;wiksh (Homogeneous) dh EK ftiksh (Heterogeneous) ns/ fJZe' t/b/ nZr/ fgZS/ fe;w dk j?. fJj T[`so-nkX[fBe ;'u T[`so-p;shtkd bJh Y[ethI j?. fJ; Y[ethI gj[zu ;dek Gkpk bJh p;shtkdh ;pi?eN g{op-gZSw, nzdo-pkjo, ekb/-fuZN/ dh d[ckV s'I go/ fJe ndo (other) xZN frDsh, jkFhns j?. fJj ndo nkgDh gSkD d{finK dh pikJ/ nkgD/ jh gZy s'I eodk j?. fiE/ w?I s{z dh EK n;hI dh EK pDdh j?. nfijh EK gqkgs b'e fJefjoh gSkD dh EK fwFfos d/ XkoBh jB. fJ; ftZu gotk;h, xZN frDsh, ibktsB T[j ;ko/ b'e jB i' wip{oh $ ;t?fJZSk $ oki;h $ nkofEe b'VK, E[VK, wip{ohnK ekoB gZSw ftZu ofj oj/ jB. fJBQK b'eK dk ihtB fJfsjk; o{gh tke ftZu'I ykoi j?, nfij/ ykoi doV/ dokV/ fJfsjk; dk fJzNo;NhFhnb (Interstitial) j? fi;~ fJfsjk; pkjo/, tke pkjo/ ;gbhw?IN ti'I ;wfMnk ik ;edk j?. fJzM gSkD d/ nkX[fBe fJefjo/, fBFfus dh EK nfBFfus ns/ fwFos nF[ZX GKsh gfog/yK ekoB @@T[`so nkX[fBe ns/ T[`so p;shtkdh## gfog/y fJe d{i/ d/ B/V/ nk rJ/ jB.²

T[`so wkoek d{i/ ;zebgK tKr T[`so-p;shtkd pko/ th ns/ jK gZyh$ BKj gZyh wsG/d gqufbs jB. fJ;~ ekb ;{ue tZi'I fit/I p;shtkd s'I pknd ns/ ;w/I Bkb'I th tZX yk; fe;w dhnK ;kfjse-;fGnkukoe fJfsjk;e fbysK dh tzBrh ti'I fbnk iKdk j?. fi; ftZu fJe j'o yk; tzBrh dhnK fbysK Fkwb BjhI jB. fJ; yk; tzBrh dk Fkwb Bk j'Dk T[`so-nkX[fBe fdqFNh dk Bk j'Dk j?. fJ; ekoB jh e[ZM nkb'ue i' p;shtkdh go;zr ftZu rZb BjhI eod/ go T[`so-nkX[fBe gjz[u ekoB T[BQK ~ T[`so-p;shtkdh efj fbnk iKdk j?. fit/I o'poN :zr (Robert Young) T[`so-;zodBtkdh j?, T[;dh fJ; fdqFNh ekoB jh T[;~ T[`so-p;shtkdh wzB fbnk iKdk j? ns/ fJ; gqeko j'wh Gkpk tZb'I T[`so-p;shtkd ~ gqrsh w{be fJfsjk; d/ behoh, T[sgkdBh ;kXBK d/ fto'Xh ti'I gfoGkFs eoB d/ pkti{d th, co?vfoe i/w;B ~ T[`so-p;shtkdh wzB fbnk iKdk j? go J/ik} nfjwd ~ BjhI. fi; eoe/ J/ik} nfjwd T[`so-p;shtkdh fdqFNh ftub/ nkg;h f;XKse ns/ fttjkoh wsG/dK ~ The Politics of Literary Post Coloniality³ ftu ft;Eko ;fjs T[bhedk j?. T[`so-p;shtkd d/ wsG/dh f;XKs-ftjko dh fJfsjk;ekoh eoBk Bk wB'oE j? ns/ BK jh J/E/ tkip j?. b'V f;oc T[`so-nkX[fBe ns/ T[`so-p;shtkd d/ nkg;h ;zpzXK ns/ p[fBnkdh nkXkoK ~ ;wMD dh ;h. fJ; ;wM d/ gfog/y ftZu jh Gkpk dk The Location of Culture ftZu fuzsB-ekoi ekoiFhb j?. fJ; g[;se w[skpe T[`so-p;shtkd gZSwh nkX[fBesk d/ fto'Xh fposKs ti'I j?. Gkosh p;shtkdh gqtuB dh fJzNo;NhFhnb shih EK nkX[fBe Gkosh p;shtkd dh fJefjoh gSkD dh EK ft:'ie ekb (distunctive tropology) jB i' fJfsjk; dk ;gbhw?IN ns/ vpfbzr jB. Gkos d/ p;shtkdh fJfsjk; ftZu fJ; ft:'ie ekb dh nbr nbr go fwFos gSkD ~ nDr"fbnK ehsk frnk j?. nfijk tkgoB dk ekoB Gkpk nkX[fBe gZSwh okFNoh J/iz;h ~ wzBdk j? i' fJe ~ ;w{j ftZu i}p eoB dh XkoBh ojh j?. g[;se fJ; gZy'I okFNoh J/iz;h dk feqNhe j?.

fJ; rZb ~ fJT[I wfj;{; BjhI eoBk ukjhdk fe fJfsjk;$tke ns/ fJ; s'I pkjo/ b'e ;fGnkukoe ftftXsk$nB/esk$pj[bsk dh gSkD dk ekoi j?, Gkpk fuzsB ftZu T[dkoh$pj[-;fGnkuko d/ T[bN ftfGzB ;fGnkukoe dh fJZe' ;w/I, fJe Xosh s/ EK ns/ gSkD nfjwhns oZydh j?. fJj gSkD okFNoh iK Gko{ ;fGnkuko ftZu i}p j'D dh EK T[;d/ ftiksh g{oe vpb j'D dh j?. fJ; g{oesk ftZu jh fJfsjk; dh ;koEesk j?. nfijh ;koEesk dh b'V ~ wfj;{; eodk Gkpk okFNo ~ okFNoh fpyokT[ (Dissemination) ti'I b?Idk j?. fJj okFNoh fpyokT[ ;wGkth dh EK ftiksh j?. fJ; ftiksh Gkt ekoB fJfsjk;ekoh g{ot fBoXkfos soe ;'u (Pedealog) dh EK fBGkT[wJh (Performing) ftfGzBsk dh ;{ue j?. Gkpk fbydk j? L-

National split within itself articulating the heterogenity.
.
The Heterogenous histories of Contenting People,
.
discourse of minorities, Antagonistic authoritics and tense
.
location of Cultural difference.⁴
.
Gkpk d/ okFNoh fpyokT[ bJh fJfsjk; ns/ fJfsjk; pkjo/ b'eK dh fJfsjk;esk ~ T[;koB ftZu o'bk pkoE d/ (Supplementary) ns/ d?ohdk d/ (differance) fuzsB ;jkfJe jB. cokfJv dk ;[gfBnK dh ;zouBkekoh ftZu nX{o/ ~ g{oe pBkT[D d/ ;[gfBnK dk o{geh ekoi th Gkpk bJh ;koEesk tkbk j?. Gkpk nkgD/ p;shtkdh ;pi?eN dh d'fuZsh$d'joh$ifNbsk (Ambivalence) bJh cokfJv d/ "Fetish" ~ nkXko pDk e/ wkBf;e gZXo s/ fJe wB'ftfrnkBe @r[ohbk :[ZX# bVdk j?. fi; ftZu :e bkeK d/ @ndo# ~ th b'V w[skfpe tofsnk frnk j?. cokfJvhB Fetish ns/ bkeK d/ ndo @other# ~ p;shtkdh ;zdoGK ftZu bkr{ eoB Bkb e'b'Bhno ;NhohUNkJhg, fJe shih EK iK ftZu ftukb/ dh @In between# dh dFk dk fJ}jko j?. fJj e'b'Bhnb ;NhohUNkJhg fJe' ;w/I tZyosk dh ;thfeqsh, n;thfeqsh, nksww'j, B\os, vo, fgnko tkbk j?. fi; ftZu ndo dh ;wkBs j? go fpbe[b BjhI. fJj dFk fJe jh BjhI fJe s'I xZN go vpb ns/ obh-fwbh j? fi; dk w{b T[; ftubh splitting j?. Gkpk ftZu e'b'Bhnb ;NhohUNkJhg dk fJj o{g ;Jhd ns/ c?BB Bkb'I tZyok j?. Gkpk nB[;ko c?BB w{b b'eK dk p|ktsh nwb nkX[fBe gZSwh fJfsjk; d/ ftneshrs gqG{sk ;zgzB ;pi?eN tkbk j? id'I fe ;Jhd dk ;pkbNob Gko{ ;fGnkukoK d/ n;oK ;kjwD/ fto'X dh EK u[Zg dk o{g j? i' e'Jh fto'X BjhI eo ;ed/. nfijh ;fEsh ftZu Gkpk fJe fto'X dk wkvb f;oidk j?. i' wkvb f;ZX/ fto'X dh EK neoFe$;eowesk tkbk j?. i' e'b'Bhnb gkto d/ nwb ~ ;fEo fto'X dh EK n;fEo$nfBFfus ifNbsk tkb/ r[ohb/ o{g ftZu spdhb eodk j?. ;Kr (Mimicry) ftZu e'b'Bhnb ;NhohUNkJhg gZSwh nwbK ;kjwD/ nkgDh ;[oZfynk bJh f;ZX/ o{g ftZu w[ekpbk BjhI eo ;ed/ go fJj nkgD/-nkg ~ nzro/}h r/i ftZu Ykb e/ neowe ;fEsh f;oid/ jB go T[; r/i ftZu ;wkB pDe/ th, fpbe[b ;wkB Bk pDBk r/i s'I fJe fe;w dh ;eowe fJBekoh j?. fJj ;theko$n;theko dk nwb f;ZX/ bVkJh dh EK r[ohbk :[ZX j?. fJj rb nzro/}K T[`s/ th j? i' GkoshnK ~ ftek; d/ BK T[`s/ nro/}heoB ftZu YkbDk ukj[zd/ jB, i' T[BQK ~ ftef;s eoBk BjhI pbfe fJe nfijh ghVQh fsnko eoBk ukj[zd/ jB i' T[BQK ns/ GkoshnK ftukb/ ;zuko ftZu ;fj:'rh pDB. nzro/} fwfweoh dk fJj fJ}jko w/ekb/ d/ FpdK ftZu'I "Be the father and the oppressor of the people; be just and unjust, moderate and rapacious"⁵ vpb d'fuZsh tkbk j?. nzro/} fwfweoh GkoshnK ~ nkgD/ r/i ftZu YkbD dh nksww'jh j? go fiT[I jh fJ; nksww'jh dFk ftZu w{b b'eK d/ r/i s'I go/ ftuoD dk nfj;k; j[zdk j/ feT[I (w{b) efjDk wzBD dh EK ;k~ B\os eod/ jB sK T[BQK bJh wB'skgh ;fEsh pD iKdh j?, d{i/ T[BQK ~ oki ns/ ;odkoh bJh fJe Xweh dk th s"ybk T[gidk j?. o'poN :zr ~, Gkpk tZb'I p;shtkdh gqtuB bJh wB'ftfrnkfBe gZy'I ehsh gSkD @uko Fpdh w?Nkco, w?NkBwh, nksww'jh ns/ jwbk## o{gh brdh j?, i' c{e' d/ fBrokBh (Surveillance) ftubh ;fEosk Bkb'I tX/o/ ifNb j?.6 fJzi p;shtkdh gqtuB w{b ns/ ftd/Fh dh d[tzv ns/ gkto d/ fJefjo/ gZy Bkb'I Bk e/tb ifNb j? pbfe d'jK s'I tZX fJe p;shtkdh ;pi?eN j?. fi; ftZu w;bk wkbe r[bkw dk BjhI enslaved master, unmastered slave tkbk j?.